Ozone systems

Ozone applications in the water treatment sector

Ozone gas was first used for disinfection purposes in the water treatment industry. With the results of advancing research, ozone has begun to be used for many purposes in the water treatment industry due to its high oxidation capacity.

However, the widest use is still for the purpose of water disinfection. The issue that environmental engineers dealing with environmental technologies should know is that;

“Ozone water treatment sector is the most reliable and non-investment application compared to many disinfection chemicals available. In water, like other disinfection chemicals in water, it is an application that does not leave any residual contributions to this water.”

In the trainings given in universities, we have been tried to give information about chlorine and related calculations as a general disinfection application. However, in time, we learned that chlorine is the most negative application in water disinfection.

In the researches, there is also disinfection with ozone gas given to water, as well as unwanted taste, smell and turbidity removal in water.

Although the practices and researches on odor and taste removal in our country are limited, very advanced researches have been conducted abroad and it has been seen that ozone has much safer and economic applications than other materials and chemicals used in other taste and odor removal.

In particular, we would like to point out that despite the water network length in urban settlements and the risks of intervention that may occur in the networks, other disinfectants and ozone together are foreseen. The reason for this is that the ozone should be used, albeit in a small amount, because the half -half life of the ozone and does not leave any residue in the water.

However, the amount of other disinfectant used with ozone decreases very much, which contributes to the disposal of the negative aspects of other disinfectants (residual quitting, transforming to other chemicals, etc.).

This is the way abroad.

Ozone Applications in Wastewater Treatment Sector

Here we will not talk about the causes and consequences of industrialization. Here, during the production of our world, some of the chemicals that we have already polluted from the method to reduce the production OZONE We will talk about the application.

For environmental engineers, the most comprehensive field of work in terms of design, investment and business is still the wastewater treatment sector.

However, so far, all coagulation chemicals except Ozone have always been used in these issues and especially in the treatment of industrial wastewater.

When the investments made in the wastewater treatment sector in our country are examined, it is clear that all coagulants except Ozone are used.

A few coagulants are used especially in wastewater with high chemical load (COD). For these, separate preparation, dosing, mixing systems are designed and thus both the first investment and the cost of operating costs are established.

Ozone gas has started to replace many coagulants that are still used due to very high oxidation capacity. In this way, it is possible to design the first investment and operating costs.

It is sufficient for design that ozone gas is only one ozone generaesty and contact tank (shorter life is shorter). However, control is an application that is easier than other chemicals.

Especially in textile, leather and paper sectors, many oxidizing and bleaching chemicals used at certain stages of production are used at high rates.

Instead of the use of these chemicals, with ozone gas carried out with ozone gas, it will be reduced to the organic load that will come to the wastewater treatment plant and consequently great savings will be achieved from the investment and operating costs.

Before the design of the wastewater treatment plant, preliminary studies will give much better results.

Studies on the use of ozone in wastewater treatment are rapidly increasing.

Ozone applications in the industry in general

• Removal of unwanted taste, odor and color

The source of unwanted tastes and odors in underground and superficial waters is generally organic or synthetic organic substances found in water. In the formation of these, the decay of plants, bacteriological activations, hydrogensulfite cause taste and odor, especially in underground and superficial waters.

With the ozoning process, ozone oxidizes all these substances and provides significant increases in water quality.

The color problem in superficial waters is caused by organic substances such as humic, fuvik and tannic acids. These substances are formed by the disintegration of plants and the accumulation of phenol -like compounds. Such compounds can be oxidized very efficiently with ozoning.

In wastewater treatment systems, one of the most difficult applications is color removal. Ozone is the most appropriate solution in this regard.

In the researches, 99 %yields have been reached in color removal, which is a yield that other chemical methods used cannot be accessed.

Especially in textile, leather and paper industry wastewater color is a major problem.

• Removal of unwanted substances

Ozone application is the ideal solution for the removal of iron and manga in water systems in water systems. These substances oxidized by ozonation are removed in the form of a precipiti.

However, it is more difficult to oxidate the manga than iron. For this reason, ozone consumption should be taken higher for manganese removal in designs. 1 mg in water. Approximately 0.87 mg ozone is required for the removal of manga. In practice, the amount of ozone may vary according to the pH of the water, the contact time of the ozone and the amount of organic matter in the water.

Nitrogen anions such as cyanite, cyanate and thiocyanate are very easily oxidized in the waters.

Many organic substances are especially oxidized by ozonation in chemical wastes, phenolics, pesticides, detergents, aromatic compounds, humanitarian acid, protein and amino acids.

Other metals that can be removed in the waters are lead, silver, cadmium, serium, nickel and bolt. In these metals, they can be oxidized with ozone in the same way and removed from the water by rinse.

• Microbiological treatment of water

Ozone is the highest and most powerful disinfectant with oxidation capacity. High oxidation potential has full effect on microorganisms. This effect manifests itself by piercing the cell membrane of the microorganism.

The most important issue in this regard is that the ozone oxidized these substances because of the reacting with other organic substances in water, and then it affects on microorganisms. For this reason, the amount of ozone to be applied in the pre -procedure (active carbon, etc.) is further reduced.

• Increasing the fragmentability of organic substances in the waters

(COD - Contributions in Chemical Oxygen Removal)

Ozone used in wastewater treatment systems in this regard makes significant contributions to reducing the chemical load in wastewater by applying between pre -treatment and biological treatment. In this way, the organic load to be given to chemical and biological treatment is reduced and the treatment plant output water quality increases.

Ozone has been observed especially in the researches that it provides high COD removal with its use in industry (textile, leather, milk, paint) sectors with a high pollution load.

• In the ammonia removal

Nitrite occurs as a result of some activities in water. However, it is very difficult to remove ammonia by ozoning. PH is very important in oxidation of ammonia with ozone.

The reaction balance, pH more than 7 - 9 tend to free ammonia and a certain oxidation is observed.

When oxidized with ammonia ozone, nitrite is first and then nitrate. When the necessary conditions are met, 1 gr. 3.05 grams of ozone is required to upgrade ammonia to nitrite and nitrate.

In short, it is possible to build more efficient facilities with its use in ozone, water and wastewater treatment sector.

• Disinfection with chlorine / chldardioxide

It is the most widely used disinfection system in Turkey. Although it has been proven as a result of many researches in the world, it is the cheapest method in terms of investment and operating costs.

Disinfection efficiency is lower than other methods. The operating cost is almost the same.